11. If a drop of urine equal to the eye of a needle falls, and it cannot be seen except after very careful examination, then there's no harm in it. It is not obligatory to wash it off, but to do so is preferable.
12. If a najâsat which can be seen, such as stool or blood, falls on the clothing, it should be washed until the najâsat is removed and no stain remains. There is no limit to the number of times it should be washed - the moment the najâsat is removed, it will become pure. The same rule applies when it falls on the body. However, if the najâsat is removed in the first instance, it will be better to wash it two more times. And if it is removed in the second time, it will be better to wash it one more time. In other words, it is preferable to wash it three times.
13. If the najâsat is such that despite washing it several times and despite it being removed, the foul smell still remains or some stain is still there. Even in this instance, the clothing will be purified. It is not necessary to use any soap or detergents in order to get rid of the smell or stain.
14. If any impurity similar to urine which cannot be seen, falls on the clothing; then it should be washed three times. Each time that it is washed, the water should be squeezed out of it. After washing it the third time, the cloth should be wrung with full force - only then will it be purified. If it is not wrung with full force, the cloth will not be purified.
15. If any impurity falls on such a thing which cannot be wrung or squeezed, such as a bed, mat, jewellery, sand, utensils, bottles, shoes, etc., then the method of purifying these things is as follows: the item should be washed once and then the person should wait. When the water ss dripping from it, it should be washed a second time. When the water ss dripping, it should be washed a third time. In this way it will be purified.
16. If anything is thin and pure like water, it can also be used to wash off any impurity. If a person uses rose-water, or the extract of any herb, or vinegar; even then that thing will be purified. However, it is not permissible to use ghee, oil, milk and other similar substances which are sticky or fatty. That thing will remain impure.
17. Semen fell on the body or clothes and got dried. The body and clothes can be purified by scraping it off and rubbing it thoroughly. But if it has not dried as yet, it will have to be washed. But if a person did not wash himself after passing urine, and at that time semen came out; it will not become purified by rubbing it off. It will have to be washed.
18. If najâsat which can be seen, eg. dung, stool, blood, semen, etc., falls on one's shoes or leather socks, it could be removed and purified by rubbing it thoroughly on the ground. Similarly, it can also be purified by scraping it off. Even if it is not dry, and it is thoroughly scraped and rubbed off to such an extent that no sign of the najâsat remains, it will be purified.
19. If any najâsat like urine which is not seen, falls on the shoes or leather socks, then it cannot be purified except by washing.
20. As for clothing and the body, these can only be purified by washing. This is irrespective of whether the najâsat can be seen or not.
21. If mirrors, knives, gold and silver jewellery, copper, brass, steel, etc. become impure, they can be purified by wiping them thoroughly, or scraping them, or rubbing them with sand. But if these items have been engraved, they cannot be purified except by washing.
22. Some najâsat fell on the ground and got dried in such a way that there is no sign of it - there is no stain nor any foul smell of that najâsat. If it gets dry in this way, the ground will be pure. However, tayammum on such a piece of ground will not be permissible. However, it will be permissible to perform salât there. The same rule applies to bricks and stones that have beenembedded with limestone or mortar into the ground in such a way that these cannot be removed except by digging them out. That is, once the najâsat dries and no sign of it remains, they will be purified, but tayammum will not be permissible.
12. If a najâsat which can be seen, such as stool or blood, falls on the clothing, it should be washed until the najâsat is removed and no stain remains. There is no limit to the number of times it should be washed - the moment the najâsat is removed, it will become pure. The same rule applies when it falls on the body. However, if the najâsat is removed in the first instance, it will be better to wash it two more times. And if it is removed in the second time, it will be better to wash it one more time. In other words, it is preferable to wash it three times.
13. If the najâsat is such that despite washing it several times and despite it being removed, the foul smell still remains or some stain is still there. Even in this instance, the clothing will be purified. It is not necessary to use any soap or detergents in order to get rid of the smell or stain.
14. If any impurity similar to urine which cannot be seen, falls on the clothing; then it should be washed three times. Each time that it is washed, the water should be squeezed out of it. After washing it the third time, the cloth should be wrung with full force - only then will it be purified. If it is not wrung with full force, the cloth will not be purified.
15. If any impurity falls on such a thing which cannot be wrung or squeezed, such as a bed, mat, jewellery, sand, utensils, bottles, shoes, etc., then the method of purifying these things is as follows: the item should be washed once and then the person should wait. When the water ss dripping from it, it should be washed a second time. When the water ss dripping, it should be washed a third time. In this way it will be purified.
16. If anything is thin and pure like water, it can also be used to wash off any impurity. If a person uses rose-water, or the extract of any herb, or vinegar; even then that thing will be purified. However, it is not permissible to use ghee, oil, milk and other similar substances which are sticky or fatty. That thing will remain impure.
17. Semen fell on the body or clothes and got dried. The body and clothes can be purified by scraping it off and rubbing it thoroughly. But if it has not dried as yet, it will have to be washed. But if a person did not wash himself after passing urine, and at that time semen came out; it will not become purified by rubbing it off. It will have to be washed.
18. If najâsat which can be seen, eg. dung, stool, blood, semen, etc., falls on one's shoes or leather socks, it could be removed and purified by rubbing it thoroughly on the ground. Similarly, it can also be purified by scraping it off. Even if it is not dry, and it is thoroughly scraped and rubbed off to such an extent that no sign of the najâsat remains, it will be purified.
19. If any najâsat like urine which is not seen, falls on the shoes or leather socks, then it cannot be purified except by washing.
20. As for clothing and the body, these can only be purified by washing. This is irrespective of whether the najâsat can be seen or not.
21. If mirrors, knives, gold and silver jewellery, copper, brass, steel, etc. become impure, they can be purified by wiping them thoroughly, or scraping them, or rubbing them with sand. But if these items have been engraved, they cannot be purified except by washing.
22. Some najâsat fell on the ground and got dried in such a way that there is no sign of it - there is no stain nor any foul smell of that najâsat. If it gets dry in this way, the ground will be pure. However, tayammum on such a piece of ground will not be permissible. However, it will be permissible to perform salât there. The same rule applies to bricks and stones that have beenembedded with limestone or mortar into the ground in such a way that these cannot be removed except by digging them out. That is, once the najâsat dries and no sign of it remains, they will be purified, but tayammum will not be permissible.
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